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Two cells on a purple background. Two mechanisms of gene silencing are shown in the cell on the left, while a double-strand break in a DNA region is shown in the cell on the right.
What’s the Difference Between Gene Knockdown and Gene Knockout?
There are many techniques that allow scientists to silence a gene, but whether the effect is transient or permanent depends on the type of approach.
What’s the Difference Between Gene Knockdown and Gene Knockout?
What’s the Difference Between Gene Knockdown and Gene Knockout?

There are many techniques that allow scientists to silence a gene, but whether the effect is transient or permanent depends on the type of approach.

There are many techniques that allow scientists to silence a gene, but whether the effect is transient or permanent depends on the type of approach.

CRISPR/Cas

Neurons in culture
Lighting Up the Neuronal Cytoskeleton
Mariella Bodemeier Loayza Careaga, PhD | Aug 1, 2024 | 2 min read
By combining microscopy techniques with genome engineering, scientists revealed the complexities of the presynaptic actin cytoskeleton.
An abstract illustration of a DNA helix and human lungs.
A New Delivery System Offers Hope for Cystic Fibrosis
Charlene Lancaster, PhD | May 1, 2024 | 4 min read
CRISPR-carrying lipid nanoparticles enabled researchers to correct a rare nonsense mutation in the lungs of a cystic fibrosis mouse model.
Conceptual vector illustration depicting CRISPR gene editing by scientists for medical applications.
Optimizing Gene Editing with PARP1 CRISPR Plasmids 
The Scientist and Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. | 3 min read
CRISPR plasmids provide a robust solution for streamlining human cell transfection workflows.   
bacteria and DNA molecules on a purple background.
Engineering the Microbiome: CRISPR Leads the Way
Mariella Bodemeier Loayza Careaga, PhD | Mar 15, 2024 | 10+ min read
Scientists have genetically modified isolated microbes for decades. Now, using CRISPR, they intend to target entire microbiomes.
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Infographic: Engineering Microbiomes with CRISPR
Mariella Bodemeier Loayza Careaga, PhD | Mar 15, 2024 | 2 min read
Researchers are using CRISPR for precise genetic manipulation of human-associated microbes as a promising avenue for improving human health.
Fluorescent microscopy images of cells after being transfected.
Universal Transfection Reagents: Improving Efficiency and Decreasing Cell Toxicity
The Scientist, MilliporeSigma, and Roche | 4 min read
Researchers optimize their transfection protocols with the ideal transfection reagent that has multiple applications, low cytotoxicity, and high transfection efficiency.
Twisted DNA Increases CRISPR Off-target Effects
Shelby Bradford, PhD | Feb 8, 2024 | 4 min read
Understanding how Cas9 binds off-target sequences can help researchers refine CRISPR-mediated genome editing.
Avoiding Gene Editing’s Unintended Consequences
Tanvir Khan, PhD | Feb 2, 2024 | 4 min read
CRISPR-Cas9 editing leads to widespread loss of the targeted chromosome in human T cells, but scientists recently discovered a way to prevent such loss.
CRISPR Biosensors for Disease Diagnostics
The Scientist | 1 min read
Kiana Aran and Can Dincer will discuss potential advantages and diagnostic applications of CRISPR biosensing.
Glowing red DNA on bluish background
Redesigning Medicine Using Synthetic Biology
Alison Halliday, PhD, Technology Networks | Jun 21, 2023 | 5 min read
Drawing inspiration from nature, synthetic biology offers exciting opportunities to transform the future of medicine.
The giant virus <em >Pandoravirus neocaledonia&nbsp;</em>inside the amoeba <em>Acanthamoeba castellanii</em>.
Giant Viruses Grew Out of Small Ones: Study
Kamal Nahas, PhD | Feb 13, 2023 | 4 min read
A study employing CRISPR/Cas9 to explore the evolutionary beginnings of some giant viruses finds evidence their large genomes arose from gene duplications.
The Scientist's LabTalk Podcast - Episode 2
The Scientist | 1 min read
Surviving Stress: The mysteries of neuronal survival and neurodegeneration
A gloved hand holds a tweezer and pulls a section of DNA away from a double helix
First Person Dosed in Novel Gene Editing Clinical Trial
Amanda Heidt | Jul 12, 2022 | 4 min read
The biotech company Verve Therapeutics launched the study with the aim of using base editing to treat a genetic condition that causes high cholesterol and increases a person's risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Green-tinged image of fly eye with shiny and black portions
New CRISPR Technique Causes Few Unintended Mutations in Fruit Flies
Jason P. Dinh | Jul 1, 2022 | 4 min read
A study finds that CRISPR-Nickase, which changes just one allele of a given gene, improves gene editing efficiency compared with CRISPR-Cas9.
an artistic rendering of CRISPR/Cas9
Ten Years of CRISPR
Sophie Fessl, PhD | Jun 28, 2022 | 7 min read
This month marks ten years since CRISPR-Cas9 was repurposed as a gene editing system, so we’re looking back at what has been accomplished in a decade of CRISPR editing.
An orange CRISPR Cas 9 enzyme cutting DNA
CRISPR-Based Treatment Successfully Lowers Toxic Protein Levels
Natalia Mesa, PhD | Mar 2, 2022 | 3 min read
A first-of-its-kind gene therapy dramatically reduced misfolded protein levels in some clinical trial participants for up to six months and reduced levels in all participants for up to a year.
Lizard on glass tank
Engineered Stem Cells Grant Geckos “Perfectly” Regenerated Tails
Chloe Tenn | Nov 5, 2021 | 4 min read
Geckos injected with neural stem cells modified to block cartilage growth developed the skeletal and nervous components normally lacking from regrown tails.
Hong Kong skyline with a pink sky in the background
Book excerpt from CRISPR People
Henry T. Greely | Aug 1, 2021 | 9 min read
In Chapter 6, author Henry T. Greely describes how news of the birth of gene-edited babies rocked a 2018 summit on human genome editing.
Panel Lays Out Guidelines for CRISPR-Edited Human Embryos
Lisa Winter | Sep 4, 2020 | 2 min read
The International Commission on the Clinical Use of Human Germline Genome Editing claims the technology is still too risky for therapeutic use.
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